79 pages for “q=chlorine”
The LDsCL controller continuously measures the residual free chlorine with an amperometric cell and controls the hypochlorite pump in proportion to the measured value, up to the set point: the residual remains constant even when the flow rate or the water qual …
Also in: Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine · Operation · From the simplest to the most complete solution · Basic components
Chlorine dioxide is a powerful oxidant and disinfectant: it eliminates microorganisms, including Legionella, destroys biofilm and hinders its regrowth, and oxidises substances such as iron and manganese. It is an unstable compound: it is used in stabilised for …
Also in: Why chlorine dioxide · Stabilised or generated on site · How it is generated on site · Dosing and measurement
The LOTUS AIR generator produces chlorine dioxide on site from hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorite, in an automatic cycle and at ambient pressure, with dosing in proportion to the volume of water and/or to the measured residual. On-site generation 10, 30 or …
Also in: From the simplest to the most complete solution · Basic components · Operation
Open amperometric cells for measuring free chlorine, suitable for swimming pool water: they provide the measurement directly in mg/l. Versions for fresh water and seawater. Range 0 – 10 mg/l Organic and inorganic free chlorine Fresh water or seawater Flow stab …
Also in: Available versions · Data sheet
Chlorine is the most widely used disinfectant in swimming pools: unlike ozone, after disinfection it maintains a safety residual in the pool, approximately 1.5 mg/l, against new contamination: this is active free chlorine, or residual chlorine. Its value depen …
Also in: Chlorine and pH · How chlorine is introduced · Alternatives to chlorine · How much chlorine actually disinfects
Chlorine is the most widely used disinfectant in swimming pools: unlike ozone, after disinfection it maintains a safety residual in the pool, approximately 1.5 mg/l, against new contamination: this is active free chlorine, or residual chlorine. Its value depen …
Also in: Chlorine and pH · How chlorine is introduced · How much chlorine actually disinfects · Sodium hypochlorite
In water, hypochlorite splits into hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion, in proportions that depend on the pH: this is why the standard requires automatic control of both and the systems give priority to pH control. Insight: controlling the pH →Insight: chlo …
Also in: Free chlorine with closed cell · Free chlorine with ECL6 open cell · Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine · Which system for your swimming pool
Sodium hypochlorite, commonly referred to as chlorine, is the reference disinfectant for the hygienic and sanitary control of drinking water: it inactivates bacteria at molecular level and makes water fit for human consumption. Insight: well water → Storage ta …
Also in: Total chlorine · Free chlorine · Chlorine dioxide · Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine
… dosing pumps, selected according to the pool volume; it also manages the salt chlorinator and flocculant dosing. LDpHCl controller → Compare WNpHCl with closed cell Quiet version: two stepper-motor peristaltic pumps, quiet and precise; free chlorine with the S …
Also in: Free chlorine with ECL6 open cell · Alternatives to chlorine · Salt chlorinator management · Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine
Inside the reactor, the water and the two precursors react, forming chlorine dioxide. 1 Water Water, free of free chlorine, is introduced first: the solenoid valve feeds it into the reactor, where the reaction takes place. 2 Hydrochloric acid Pump 1 adds the f …
Also in: Why chlorine dioxide · LOTUS AIR components · Difference between stabilised and generated on site · Dosing modes
In the closed reaction chamber, the water and the two precursors react, forming chlorine dioxide. 1 Water Water carries the reaction products: in the LOTUS EASY it flows through the by-pass line, in MINI, MAXI and ULTRA a dedicated metering pump (grey) feeds t …
Also in: Why chlorine dioxide · Difference between stabilised and generated on site · Production control · Accessories for the installation
SCL8 Total chlorine Measurement of total chlorine, that is the sum of free chlorine and combined chlorine.
Also in: Free chlorine · Chlorine dioxide · Data sheet
pH and free chlorine WDpHCl Chlorine With integrated dosing pumps and pH and free chlorine measuring controllers. Proportional to pH Proportional to free chlorine (open amperometric cell) Proportional to free chlorine (closed amperometric cell) Compare
Also in: Dosing modes · Main features · Model selection
pH and free chlorine WNpHCl Chlorine With integrated pH and free chlorine measuring controllers. Proportional to pH Proportional to free chlorine (open amperometric cell) Proportional to free chlorine (closed amperometric cell) Compare
Also in: Dosing modes · Model selection · Model comparison
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Chlorine dioxide · Two parameters of your choice · LDpHCL · LDRhCL
Amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.01 Free chlorin …
Also in: Amperometric cells – Chlorine dioxide · Measurable parameters and probes · Probe data sheet
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: The treatment circuit of a swimming pool · Basic components · Colour-coded status indication
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Basic components · From the simplest to the most complete solution · Operation
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Operation · From the simplest to the most complete solution · Basic components
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Basic components · From the simplest to the most complete solution · Operation
Chlorine is the most widely used disinfectant: unlike more volatile disinfectants such as ozone, it remains in the water as active free chlorine and protects against bacterial regrowth during distribution and against any contamination after treatment. 1 Oxidat …
Also in: Disinfectants used · Disinfection systems · How to disinfect well water · The DPD method: a colorimetric measurement on a sample
Combined chlorine, formed by chloramines, cannot be measured directly: the Centurio POOL derives it continuously from two amperometric measurements, as a subtraction. Insight: chlorine and combined chlorine → 1 Total chlorine A closed (membrane) amperometric c …
Also in: Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine · Basic components · Complete management of the swimming pool · The treatment circuit of a swimming pool
Free chlorine in mg/l Residual chlorine The LDsCL controller continuously measures the residual free chlorine with an amperometric cell and controls the hypochlorite pump in proportion to the measured value, up to the set point: the residual remains constant e …
Also in: Chlorine dioxide · Redox control · From the simplest to the most complete solution
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Chlorine dioxide · Water supply network · Application example: drinking water · Wastewater treatment
… Redox measurement LDsRh Measurement of the Redox potential (ORP) for dosing hypochlorite or other disinfectants. ± 1,000 mV Details → Compare Chlorine and disinfectants LDsCL Measurement of free and total chlorine, chlorine dioxide, bromine, peroxide, peraceti …
… authorities or the sewer network operators. Surface water Table 3: free active chlorine not exceeding 0.2 mg/l. Sewer Table 3: free active chlorine not exceeding 0.3 mg/l, in the absence of different limits set by the competent authority or by the operator of …
Also in: How the dechlorinating agent is dosed · Private swimming pools too · How it is treated before discharge
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Chlorine dioxide · Main features · Technical data · Models
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Typical layout · Operation · From the simplest to the most complete solution
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Chlorine dioxide · What the controller manages · Measuring channels · Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Other oxidants
Sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide release gas that accumulates in the pump head: with a standard pump head the pump loses its prime and stops dosing. The automatic air bleed pump head expels the gas and prevents the pump from becoming air-locked. For d …
Also in: Self-venting pumps
… controller and Redox (ORP) electrode. According to the measured free chlorineIntegrated controller and amperometric cell. From a supervision systemControl via Modbus RTU. 2Which product must it dose? Most chemicalsSodium hypochlorite, acids, caustic soda and n …
Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Free chlorine SCL3N/0.5 SCL3N/2 SCL3N/20 SCL18/0.5 SCL18/2 SCL18/20 SCL3S/20 Measuring range 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 0.5 mg/l 0 – 2 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l 0 – 20 mg/l Resolution 0.001 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.001 0.01 …
Also in: Closed (membrane) amperometric cells – Chlorine dioxide · Panel-mounted MTOWER · Which system for your tower · Measuring probes
As an alternative to stabilised chlorine dioxide, where water consumption justifies it, chlorine dioxide can be produced directly in the installation using the LOTUS AIR generator. Insight: chlorine dioxide → Compare Stabilised chlorine dioxide Chlorine dioxid …
Also in: Comparison of treatments · From the simplest to the most complete solution
Chlorine added to water, whether sodium hypochlorite or trichloroisocyanurate, dissociates into hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion, in proportions that depend on pH. Hypochlorous acid is the form with the highest and fastest disinfecting power and prevails …
Also in: Why control pH
… Pump head materials PVDF Suitable for most acids, for peroxides and for sodium hypochlorite (chlorine). PP Suitable for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). Insight: chemical compatibility of materials →
Also in: Which model to choose · Special versions
Chlorine Mixing and dosing of hypochlorite; hydraulic parts in PVDF. Stabilised chlorine dioxide With pumps for the activator and for the film-forming inhibitor, to protect the pipework. Stabilised or generated on site → Peroxide and peracetic acid Hydrogen pe …
pH and free chlorine WDpHCl The WDpHCl controller measures pH and free chlorine and controls two integrated dosing pumps, one for the acid and one for the hypochlorite: a compact solution for keeping the water in the fire-fighting tank disinfected. Advantages …
Also in: LDsCL · WDpHRh · LDpHCl · The requirements
… and dosing. Details → Probes and electrodes pH, Redox, amperometric cells for chlorine, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and turbidity. Details → Accessories Pulse-output water meters, suction and injection lances, valves, level probes. Details → Renewable energ …
Also in: Principles of water treatment
… must be monitored constantly, including the disinfectant concentration. Chlorine dioxide Produced on site with a generator; effective concentration 0.1 – 1.0 mg/l depending on the installation and the water, shock flushing 5 – 10 mg/l. More active than chlorin …
Also in: Comparison of treatments · Design and management of domestic water systems · Cooling towers, swimming pools and whirlpool baths · Action levels
… swimming pools Public swimming pools and pools for collective use pH and free chlorine with amperometric cell (UNI 10637:2024, Italian standard): WDpHCl, WNpHCl, LDpHCl, Centurio POOL; dechlorination of discharges and footbath. UNI 10637 Centurio POOL Details …
… Proportional dosing The controller drives one or more dosing pumps that inject hypochlorite into the tank, in proportion to the measured potential, up to the set point. 3 Continuous disinfection The incoming water, potentially contaminated by pathogenic organi …
Also in: Factors affecting the Redox potential · From the simplest to the most complete solution · System components
… problems Insight → Drinking water Well water Analysis and disinfection Chlorine measurement Systems Insight → Swimming pools Private swimming pools pH and disinfectants Redox, cells and DPD Insight → Swimming pools · Regulations Pools for collective use UNI 10 …
… the Redox potential in mV: it rises in the presence of oxidants such as chlorine and falls with contamination. 2 Proportional dosing The hypochlorite pump reduces its flow rate as the value approaches the set point in mV. 3 Periodic check The correspondence be …
Also in: From the simplest to the most complete solution · Redox electrodes · System remote control
For chlorine and other disinfectants the basic solution is the dosing station; to dose according to the concentration actually present in the water, measuring controllers are used. Dosing station The simplest solution: the pump doses at a constant rate or in p …
Also in: Basic components
… is immersed in the fire-fighting water tank. 2 Proportional dosing The hypochlorite pump reduces its flow rate as the value approaches the set point in mV. 3 Periodic check The correspondence between mV and free chlorine must be checked periodically with the c …
Also in: From the simplest to the most complete solution · Redox electrodes · System remote control
For chlorine and other disinfectants the basic solution is the dosing station; to dose according to the concentration actually present in the water, measuring controllers are used. Dosing station The simplest solution: the pump doses at a constant rate or in p …
Also in: Operation
… turbidity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, tracers and corrosion. pH and Redox Chlorine, chlorine dioxide, bromine, ozone, peroxide Conductivity up to 300 mS Turbidity, oxygen, tracers, corrosion List of probes Request advice pH and Redox Amperometric cells
Also in: Probe range
… water to be treated. Two reagents The system combines ammonia (NH3) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) to produce monochloramine. PVDF reactor The two reagents and the dilution water are fed simultaneously into the reactor, up to a monochloramine concentration of …
… stopping when the SET POINT is reached. Models: KMS Rh Proportional to free chlorine (open amperometric cell) The required free chlorine concentration in mg/l (SET POINT) is set: the pump measures it by means of an open amperometric cell and progressively redu …
Also in: KMS CL2 · Model selection · Which model to choose · Performance and configurations
… as a priority: the pump doses the corrector until the set value is reached. 4 Chlorine dosing With the pH at the correct values, hypochlorite is dosed, at a flow rate that is progressively reduced as the set point is approached. 5 Return to the pool The filter …
Also in: Basic components · From the simplest to the most complete solution · Redox electrodes · Remote control
… from 50 to 20,000 litres and safety bunds for storing acids, caustic soda, chlorine and chemicals; mixing and dosing stations.
… lances, LINI injection lances and LALIV level lances for dosing pumps: for chlorine, acids, caustic soda and flocculants.
PVC static mixers for evenly dispersing chlorine, chlorine dioxide, caustic soda and other chemicals in the water flow, with minimal pressure losses.
… PEL in-line and PEC, PECAP immersion probe holders for installing pH, Redox, chlorine, conductivity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen probes.
… promote corrosion, reduce heat exchange, clog nozzles and form sludge. Chlorine, hypochlorite, bromine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide: they act by oxidation and are maintained with a measurable residual, which can be controlled continuously with Redox or …
Also in: Technical terms
… 4 unsatisfactory · – insufficient data. Search for a chemical or formula (e.g. hypochlorite, H2SO4) 490 entries Chemical Formula PVDF PP PVC 316 SS PMMA Hastelloy PTFE FPM EPDM NBR PE PharMed® BPT Acetaldehyde CH3CHO 3 2 3 1 3 1 1 3 2 3 1 4 Acetamide CH3CONH2 …
… – 800 or 0 – 8,000 g/h). The quantity is determined on the basis of the total chlorine in the pool, the flow rate of the recirculation pump and the quantity of product required to reduce the chlorine by 1 mg/l, stated on the label. Water presence sensor Capaci …
Also in: Where it is used · From the simplest to the most complete solution · Two systems: constant or volumetric · With pulse-output water meter
… 2 pH priority The controller first adjusts the pH and only then doses the hypochlorite. 3 Periodic check The correspondence between mV and free chlorine must be checked periodically with the colorimetric test. 4 Alarms Product levels, maximum dosing time and f …
Also in: From the simplest to the most complete solution · Redox electrodes · System remote control
… Pump head materials PVDF Suitable for most acids, for peroxides and for sodium hypochlorite (chlorine). PP Suitable for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). AISI 316L Suitable for peracetic acid and sodium hydroxide. PMMA Suitable for medium and high viscosity sub …
Also in: Which model to choose · Special versions
… Pump head materials PVDF Suitable for most acids, for peroxides and for sodium hypochlorite (chlorine). PP Suitable for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). AISI 316L Suitable for peracetic acid and sodium hydroxide. PMMA Suitable for medium and high viscosity sub …
Also in: Which model to choose · Remote control and connectivity
… Pump head materials PVDF Suitable for most acids, for peroxides and for sodium hypochlorite (chlorine). PP Suitable for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). AISI 316L Suitable for peracetic acid and sodium hydroxide. PMMA Suitable for medium and high viscosity sub …
Also in: Which model to choose · Special versions
… materials (WT EM) PVDF Suitable for most acids, for peroxides and for sodium hypochlorite (chlorine). PP Suitable for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). Insight: chemical compatibility of materials →
Also in: Two-way remote control
For chlorine and other disinfectants the basic solution is the dosing station; to dose according to the concentration actually present in the water, measuring controllers are used. Dosing station The simplest solution: the pump doses at a constant rate or in p …
Also in: Where it is used
… Pump head materials PVDF Suitable for most acids, for peroxides and for sodium hypochlorite (chlorine). PP Suitable for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). Insight: chemical compatibility of materials →
… Pump head materials PVDF Suitable for most acids, for peroxides and for sodium hypochlorite (chlorine). PP Suitable for sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). AISI 316L Suitable for peracetic acid and sodium hydroxide. PMMA Suitable for medium and high viscosity sub …
5 parameters Free, total and combined chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chlorites, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, bromine, Redox, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, ozone and tracers, with temperature measurement and compensation. Up to 12 pumps Proportional, O …
… SN6: high linearity and high sensitivity, designed to detect the low free chlorine concentrations of drinking water. Glass body, range ± 1,500 mV; it can be fitted with water-jet or air-jet self-cleaning.
Also in: Data sheet
… via Modbus RTU. 2Which product must it dose? Most chemicalsSodium hypochlorite, acids, caustic soda and non-viscous products. Products that release gasFor example peroxides: an automatic air bleed or a peristaltic pump is required. 3Flow rate and back pressure …
Also in: Remote control and connectivity
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… prime; the level probe prevents the problem. Chemicals that release gas Sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide release gas that accumulates in the pump head. Remedy: open the purge valve and let the gas out; for continuous use, a self-venting pump head. Sel …
… Dual Parameter Simultaneous management of two parameters, for example pH and chlorine, with a single controller. Details → Centurio PRO Management of up to 10 parameters and of all the pumps in the installation, with touch screen and remote control as standard …
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
… the plant supervision system. Real-time readings, counters and timers Free chlorine and temperature trends Set point and operating mode of each channel Status of relays, pulses, inputs and mA outputs
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